This book provides coverage of survivability and traffic grooming; two key issues in modern optical networks.The advent of fiber optic transmission systems and wavelength division multiplexing have led to a dramatic increase in the usable bandwidth of single fiber systems. This book provides detailed coverage of survivability (dealing with the risk of losing large volumes of traffic data due to a failure of a node or a single fiber span) and traffic grooming (managing the increased complexity of smaller user requests over high capacity data pipes), both of which are key issues in modern optical networks.The advent of fiber optic transmission systems and wavelength division multiplexing have led to a dramatic increase in the usable bandwidth of single fiber systems. This book provides detailed coverage of survivability (dealing with the risk of losing large volumes of traffic data due to a failure of a node or a single fiber span) and traffic grooming (managing the increased complexity of smaller user requests over high capacity data pipes), both of which are key issues in modern optical networks.The advent of fiber optic transmission systems and wavelength division multiplexing has led to a dramatic increase in the usable bandwidth of single fiber systems. This book provides detailed coverage of survivability (dealing with the risk of losing large volumes of traffic data due to a failure of a node or a single fiber span) and traffic grooming (managing the increased complexity of smaller user requests over high capacity data pipes), both of which are key issues in modern optical networks.1. Optical networking technology; 2. Design issues; 3. Restoration approaches; 4. The p-cycle protection; 5. Network operation; 6. Managing large networks; 7. Managing multiple link failures; 8. Subgraph-based protection strategy; 9. Traffic grooming in WDM networks; 10. Gains of traffic grooming; 11. Capacity fairness in grooming; 12. Survivable traffic grooming; 13. Static survivabl³¹