What is Meaning? Fundamentals of Formal Semantics is a concise introduction to the field of semantics as it is actually practiced. Through simple examples, pictures, and metaphors, Paul Portner presents the field’s key ideas about how language works.
- Explains the fundamental ideas and some of the most significant results of modern semantic theory
- Combines foundational discussion with simplified analyses of complex phenomena to provide readers with a sense of the fascination to be found in the details of the human language
- Includes exercises and thought-provoking questions to facilitate learning
Acknowledgments x
1 The Fundamental Question 1
1.1 What is a Meaning? 3
1.2 Meanings are Out in the World 11
1.3 We should Think of the Meaning of Sentences in Terms of Truth-Conditions 12
2 Putting a Meaning Together from Pieces 28
2.1 Names Refer 29
2.2 Incomplete Propositions 30
2.3 Prediction is Saturation 31
2.4 Compositionality 33
2.5 Syntax and Semantics 34
3 More about Predicates 40
3.1 Other Types of Predicates: Adjectives, Predicate Nominals 40
3.2 Transitive Verbs 44
3.3 Relative Clauses 45
3.4 Topicalization 48
3.5 Sub-atomic Semantics 49
3.6 Modeling Properties with Sets and Functions 54
4 Modifiers 61
4.1 Adjective + N Combination 61
4.2 More Issues with Adjectives 65
4.3 Relative Clauses as Modifier 68
4.4 Adverbs 69
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